Nationalizing Hong Kong (Feb 20)
1. Nationalism （國／民族主義）and ideology
1.1. Nationalist movement is an ideological and political movement pursuing political and cultural sovereignty.
1.2. It is mostly organized and led by elites and intellectuals.
1.3. Two traditions:
-France: republic tradition and people's sovereignty
-Germany: cultural nationalism based on common blood ties, language, custom, ... ...
2. Nationalism and imagined communities (想象共同體，Benedict Anderson)
2.1. Four characteristics of national imagination:
-Despite the limitation of individual's experience, one is attached to a large sense of community.
-Yet most imagined nations are geographically bounded within admistrative territories.
-It is imagined as a sovereign and independent power.
-It subsumes all other communities (imagined or geographical) within its territory.
2.2. The means of imagination
-Common and vernacular language
-Sense of simultaneity within a boundary
-Historical narratives
2.3. Mass media play an important role in national imagination
Examples: Cantonese soap opera and popular song
References: Benedit Anderson《想像的共同體 : 民族主義的起源與散布》
3. Hong Kong and nationalism in the post-war era (50s and 60s)
3.1. Pro-communist organization versus pro-KMT organization
3.2. A strong sense of belonging to the "motherland"
3.3. National imagination and anti-colonial sentiment
Example: 《細路祥》（導演／馮峰）
4. The rise of "Hong Kong" as an imagined community (70s)
4.1. After the riot of 1967, the influence of political nationalism is in decline.
4.2. Historical background:
-The regime of MacLehose: Public housing and ICAC
-Economic recovery from the oil and financial crisis (after 1973).
4.3. The local cultural industry was flourishing in the 1970s
4.4. Cultural nationalism became popular (Bruce Lee's movies).
References: 呂大樂＜自成一體的香港社會＞
增田真結子＜從《中國學生周報》電影版看六十年代香港文化身份的形成＞
5. "Hong Kong" in the shadow of national sovereignty
5.1. Historical background:
-The anxiety over Hong Kong's future (before the Sino-British Joint Declaration)
-The economic reform and open policy
5.2. Hong Kong as a way of life
「香港的現行社會、經濟制度不變；生活方式不變。」
"The current social and economic systems in Hong Kong will remain unchanged, and so will the life-style."
5.3. Hong Kong and political autonomy
「民族回歸，民主治港」、「高度自治」(a high degree of autonomy)
5.4. New cultural nationalism
Examples: 無線：汪明荃的「勇敢的中國人」；亞視：《大俠霍元甲》與《陳真》
5.5. Feeling of insecruity: "being threatened" by China and "being abandoned" by Britain
Example: 《省港旗兵》（1984）and《省港旗兵續集》（1987）
6. 1989：Tiananmen Massascre
6.1. The violence of the Chinese nation-state
6.2. The mass rally in Hong Kong (One million people took to the street)
6.3. Patriotism and democratic movement (支聯會：香港市民支援愛國民主運動聯合會）
6.4. "A traumatic plot" in narrating Hong Kong: The violence of Chinese Communist Party
Example: John Woo's Bullet in the Head (喋血街頭, 1990) and Taylor Wong's Stars and Roses (愛人同志, 1990)
6.5. Some common features of this plot:
-The state violence in the eyes of Hong Kong people
-An unexpected and unprecedented incident
-Sympathetic (支援) and alienated/fear
-Helpless
7. Local identity (1989-1997)
7.1. Rewriting Hong Kong history by the Beijing government and pro-Beijing scholars
7.2. Intellectual and literary discussion: Pursuing local and unique identities: ambivalent, hybrid and in-between.
Examples:《狂城亂馬》（1996, 心猿）、《今天：香港專輯》（1995）
7.3. Exploring Hong Kong experiences in popular culture
－Tsui Hak's Once upon a time in China〔《黃飛鴻》系列, the early 1990s〕: Creating parables of "Hong Kong"
－Wong Kar-Wai's Chung King Express[1994]: A place and time in transition （RES AVE 987.83 2044 ）
－Fruit Chan's Made in Hong Kong[1997]: The death of "Hong Kong's way of life"（RES AVE 987.83 2323 ）
－Peter Chan's Comrades--Almost a Love Story[1997]: Hong Kong identity in exile （AVE 987.83 2433 ）
8. The spread of official nationalism and patriotism (1997-)
References
彭定康1998《 東方與西方 : 彭定康治港經驗》台北：時報
Patten, Chris. 1998. East and west : the last governor of Hong Kong on power, freedom and the future . London: Macmillan.
葉錫恩1995《葉錫恩自傳》香港：明報
1.1. Nationalist movement is an ideological and political movement pursuing political and cultural sovereignty.
1.2. It is mostly organized and led by elites and intellectuals.
1.3. Two traditions:
-France: republic tradition and people's sovereignty
-Germany: cultural nationalism based on common blood ties, language, custom, ... ...
2. Nationalism and imagined communities (想象共同體，Benedict Anderson)
2.1. Four characteristics of national imagination:
-Despite the limitation of individual's experience, one is attached to a large sense of community.
-Yet most imagined nations are geographically bounded within admistrative territories.
-It is imagined as a sovereign and independent power.
-It subsumes all other communities (imagined or geographical) within its territory.
2.2. The means of imagination
-Common and vernacular language
-Sense of simultaneity within a boundary
-Historical narratives
2.3. Mass media play an important role in national imagination
Examples: Cantonese soap opera and popular song
References: Benedit Anderson《想像的共同體 : 民族主義的起源與散布》
3. Hong Kong and nationalism in the post-war era (50s and 60s)
3.1. Pro-communist organization versus pro-KMT organization
3.2. A strong sense of belonging to the "motherland"
3.3. National imagination and anti-colonial sentiment
Example: 《細路祥》（導演／馮峰）
4. The rise of "Hong Kong" as an imagined community (70s)
4.1. After the riot of 1967, the influence of political nationalism is in decline.
4.2. Historical background:
-The regime of MacLehose: Public housing and ICAC
-Economic recovery from the oil and financial crisis (after 1973).
4.3. The local cultural industry was flourishing in the 1970s
4.4. Cultural nationalism became popular (Bruce Lee's movies).
References: 呂大樂＜自成一體的香港社會＞
增田真結子＜從《中國學生周報》電影版看六十年代香港文化身份的形成＞
5. "Hong Kong" in the shadow of national sovereignty
5.1. Historical background:
-The anxiety over Hong Kong's future (before the Sino-British Joint Declaration)
-The economic reform and open policy
5.2. Hong Kong as a way of life
「香港的現行社會、經濟制度不變；生活方式不變。」
"The current social and economic systems in Hong Kong will remain unchanged, and so will the life-style."
5.3. Hong Kong and political autonomy
「民族回歸，民主治港」、「高度自治」(a high degree of autonomy)
5.4. New cultural nationalism
Examples: 無線：汪明荃的「勇敢的中國人」；亞視：《大俠霍元甲》與《陳真》
5.5. Feeling of insecruity: "being threatened" by China and "being abandoned" by Britain
Example: 《省港旗兵》（1984）and《省港旗兵續集》（1987）
6. 1989：Tiananmen Massascre
6.1. The violence of the Chinese nation-state
6.2. The mass rally in Hong Kong (One million people took to the street)
6.3. Patriotism and democratic movement (支聯會：香港市民支援愛國民主運動聯合會）
6.4. "A traumatic plot" in narrating Hong Kong: The violence of Chinese Communist Party
Example: John Woo's Bullet in the Head (喋血街頭, 1990) and Taylor Wong's Stars and Roses (愛人同志, 1990)
6.5. Some common features of this plot:
-The state violence in the eyes of Hong Kong people
-An unexpected and unprecedented incident
-Sympathetic (支援) and alienated/fear
-Helpless
7. Local identity (1989-1997)
7.1. Rewriting Hong Kong history by the Beijing government and pro-Beijing scholars
7.2. Intellectual and literary discussion: Pursuing local and unique identities: ambivalent, hybrid and in-between.
Examples:《狂城亂馬》（1996, 心猿）、《今天：香港專輯》（1995）
7.3. Exploring Hong Kong experiences in popular culture
－Tsui Hak's Once upon a time in China〔《黃飛鴻》系列, the early 1990s〕: Creating parables of "Hong Kong"
－Wong Kar-Wai's Chung King Express[1994]: A place and time in transition （RES AVE 987.83 2044 ）
－Fruit Chan's Made in Hong Kong[1997]: The death of "Hong Kong's way of life"（RES AVE 987.83 2323 ）
－Peter Chan's Comrades--Almost a Love Story[1997]: Hong Kong identity in exile （AVE 987.83 2433 ）
8. The spread of official nationalism and patriotism (1997-)
References
彭定康1998《 東方與西方 : 彭定康治港經驗》台北：時報
Patten, Chris. 1998. East and west : the last governor of Hong Kong on power, freedom and the future . London: Macmillan.
葉錫恩1995《葉錫恩自傳》香港：明報
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